International Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Research

Authors
Adokwe JB, Kefas M, Wahedi JA, Uzodigwe OG

Abstract
The acute toxicity of Mangifera indica seed extract was conducted on Clarias gariepinus juveniles under a static bioassay for 96 hours. Ten (10) juveniles of C. gariepinus were stocked in each of the six rectangular plastic tanks, each with a replicate. The fish were allowed to acclimatize for one (1) week. The water quality parameters, behavioural changes, haematology, biochemistry and histopathology of the test fish were studied on the concentrations of M. indica seeds extract at 4.00, 2.00, 1.00 and 0.5 g/L while 0.00 served as the control. The results of water quality parameters revealed that pH range between 5.86 and 6.79, free carbon dioxide ranged between 2.04 and 4.50 ppm, alkalinity ranged from 5.41-6.20. The biochemical parameters showed a significant difference (P< 0.05) as compared to the control. Also, the histopathology showed a clear variation in their appearance when compared with the control. All these alterations could be induced by the efficacy of the plant extract (M. indica). The 96 hours LC₅₀ of M. indica extract on the juveniles of C. gariepinus was 0.7079 g/L with the upper and lower confidence limits of 0.5424 and 0.9239 respectively. This finding clearly suggests that the plant extract has deleterious effects on aquatic fauna especially fish. Therefore, concerted effort should be made to prevent the plant material (M. indica) seeds from reaching water bodies.